Harper's Index

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May 2003

Last calendar year in which the Dow Jones Industrial Average gained in value : 1999

Last period in which the Dow declined for four consecutive years : 1929–1932

Source: Dow Jones (N.Y.C.)

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Percentage change since 1968 in the real value of the U.S. federal minimum wage : –37

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

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Factor by which Americans' total debt to private lenders for college tuition has increased since 1995 : 4

Source: The College Board (N.Y.C.)

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Factor by which industry funding for university biomedical research has increased since 1980 : 22

Source: Dr. Cary Gross, Yale University (New Haven, Conn.)

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Percentage change since 1988 in the average subscription price of a U.S. scientific, medical, or technical journal : +250

Source: Prof. Mark J. McCabe, Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta)

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Number of words that the New York Times has devoted to February's shuttle accident per resulting death : 28,500

Number of words that the Times devoted to 1998's U.S. Embassy bombings in Africa per resulting death : 163

Source: Harper's research

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Percentage of Americans who believed in early March that Saddam Hussein was involved in the September 11 attacks : 45

Source: CBS News (N.Y.C.)

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Weeks before this poll was taken that President Bush said that he "can't make [the] claim" of such a link : 5

Source: White House transcript, 1/31/03

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Ratio of the price of a barrel of oil in March to the price of a body bag from the U.S. military's supplier : 1:1

Source: Harper's research/Defense Supply Center (Philadelphia)

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Estimated percentage by which the average U.S. gasoline price would rise if costs of securing oil were recouped with a tax : 29

Source: Prof. Darwin C. Hall, California State University, Long Beach

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Minimum number of hydrogen-car fueling stations currently under construction in Tokyo : 4

Source: Showa Shell Sekiyu K.K. (Tokyo)

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Ratio of the number of Volkswagens sold in China last year to the number sold in the United States : 4:3

Source: Volkswagen (Wolfsburg, Germany)

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Ratio of the average garment-worker wage in China to that in Mexico : 1:3

Source: International Labor Organization (Washington)

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Percentage of Mexicans who believe that the U.S. Southwest rightfully belongs to Mexico : 58

Source: Zogby International (Utica, N.Y.)

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Number of new Indonesian islands discovered by satellite analysis in February : 1,000

Source: Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia (Washington)

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Chance that a male human worldwide is a direct patrilineal descendant of Genghis Khan : 1 in 200

Source: Prof. Spencer Wells, Oxford University (Oxford, U.K.)

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Chances that a thoroughbred stallion is a patrilineal descendant of the Darley Arabian, a seventeenth-century horse : 19 in 20

Source: Dr. E. P. Cunningham, Trinity College (Dublin)

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Price for a fifteen-child sleepover in the Bronx Zoo's Congo Gorilla Forest exhibit : $4,500

Source: Wildlife Conservation Society (Bronx, N.Y.)

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Per capita GDP of the Republic of Congo : $900

Source: U.S. Central Intelligence Agency

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Estimated number of bird species that have declined because of Oregon logging since 1968 : 23

Estimated number that have increased because of logging : 2

Source: Brian E. Sharp, Ecological Perspectives (Portland, Oreg.)

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Average number of days an oiled seabird survives in the wild after cleaning and release : 6

Source: Brian E. Sharp, Ecological Perspectives (Portland, Oreg.)

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Average number of industrial compounds and pollutants that can be found in an American's blood and urine : 91

Source: Environmental Working Group (Washington)

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Average factor by which levels of uranium in the urine of Afghan test subjects last fall exceeded normal : 25

Source: Uranium Medical Research Centre (Toronto)

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Pounds of steel discovered to have been eaten away from the head of an Ohio nuclear reactor in February 2002 : 70

Thickness in inches of the warped stainless steel that remained to prevent the reactor from rupturing into the air : 3⁄8

Source: Ohio Citizen Action (Cleveland)

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Grant that the Department of Energy gave a U.S. company last November to create a new living organism : $3,000,000

Source: Institute for Biological Energy Alternatives (Rockville, Md.)

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Percentage, respectively, of the U.S. fathers and mothers responsible for child support who do not pay it : 26, 36

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

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Percentage of employed U.S. mothers who think full-time mothers look down on them : 66

Percentage of full-time mothers who think employed mothers look down on them : 73

Source: Family Circle (N.Y.C.)

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Number of Japanese children who refused to attend school last year, according to Japan's government : 138,722

Source: Embassy of Japan (Washington)

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Fine that Britain's education minister has proposed levying on parents whose children are chronic truants : $3,900

Source: U.K. Department for Education and Skills (London)

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Chance that a British military reservist called up since January has asked to be excused from duty : 1 in 8

Source: U.K. Ministry of Defence (London)

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Number of U.S. soldiers who faced disciplinary action between 1998 and 2000 for refusing an anthrax vaccine : 441

Source: U.S. Department of Defense

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Number of U.S. doctors per pharmaceutical-sales representative in 1995 and last year, respectively : 19, 9

Source: Verispan (Newtown, Pa.)/American Medical Association (Chicago)

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Estimated number of audience cell-phone calls that constituted a "telesymphony" performed last year in Austria : 5,000

Source: Ars Electronica Center (Linz, Austria)

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Projected duration in years of John Cage's "As Slow as Possible," whose performance began last February in Germany : 639

Projected duration in months of the piece's opening three-note arpeggio : 18

Source: Hans-Ola Ericsson (Pitea, Sweden)

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Figures cited have been adjusted for inflation and are the latest available as of March 2003.
"Harper’s Index" is a registered trademark.


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